El orontoco un enemigo silencioso del campesino

El orontoco también es conocido como gallina ciega

Ya casi, llega la época que empieza a salir el llamado orontoco de tierra, gusano que prolifera en grandes cantidades en la tierra y bajo el estiércol de las vacas, estos son gigantescos gusanos que se alimentan de la raíz de algunas plantas, la preferida para ellos las raíces de maíz.

Antes estos han estado debajo de la tierra en forma de larva durante varios meses, son los llamados orontocos, un gusano que habita a pocos centímetros debajo de tierra o árboles secos y causan enormes daños a los agricultores, porque se comen las raíces de los sus cultivos,

El orontoco pertenece a la familia de la Phyllophaga, género muy numeroso de escarabajos de la subfamilia Melolonthinae.
Este gusano tiene nombre en su forma adulta incluyen abejón de mayo, ronrón, chicote, chicatana, curruche, mayate, chicharrón y orontoco.

En su forma de larva son comúnmente conocidos como gallina ciega, orontoco, moruro, chorontoco, joboto, chabote, misticuil, mojojoy y junguyu, estos nombres son adoptados en diferentes piase y regiones.
En su forma adulta, este gusano mide de 12 hasta 35 milímetros,12 tiene un color negruzco por bajo o marrón rojizo, por encima son blancos sin manchas importantes. Estos gusanos son nocturnos, y son atraídos por las luces en grandes números.

Ciclo biológico, el ciclo de vida dura aproximadamente un año. A mediados del verano y durante un período de aproximadamente dos semanas, las hembras ponen 60 a 75 huevos en bolas de barro bajo tierra, luego desaparecen, son muy comunes en la época de lluvia.

Dentro de los métodos de control más efectivos para combatir el orontoco, usados por los agricultores está el uso de hongos biológicos para que invaden el gusano hasta matarlo, otro y uno de los más efectivos es el uso de la bacteria Milky Spore. Se trata de una bacteria que se come las larvas de orontocos y luego de un periodo de tiempo los gusanos mueren.

Otros agricultores utilizan insecticidas las cuales las riega con bombas de mano, estos son fumigados ante del periodo de siembra para que muera el orontoco, algunos campesinos de regiones hondureñas, protegen las semillas con venenos y así logran controlar en un 50% los daños ocasionados por los por la gallina ciega.

Además, algunas personas nos contaron que este gusano es muy usado para pescar y es de la comida predilecta de los peces, los pecadores los encuentras bajo la concha de árboles secos, preferiblemente bajo la concha seca del jobo.

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